Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42210179›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2026

Eosinophil counts as a prognostic marker in glioblastoma: a retrospective cohort study.

Eric Giannaris, Geoffrey Sedor, Catherine S Spina, Kristin Hsieh, Carl Elliston, Simon K Cheng, Fabio M Iwamoto, Guy M McKhann, Michael B Sisti, Jeffrey N Bruce and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Eric GiannarisCUNY School of Medicine, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, USA. eric.giannaris02@stu-mail.med.cuny.edu.
Geoffrey SedorDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Catherine S SpinaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Kristin HsiehNew York Proton Center, New York, NY, 10035, USA.
Carl EllistonDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Simon K ChengDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Fabio M IwamotoDepartment of Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Guy M McKhannDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Michael B SistiDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Jeffrey N BruceDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Tony J C WangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Matthew GallittoDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGlioblastoma is a highly aggressive primary brain malignancy characterized by poor median survival despite trimodal therapy. While established prognostic factors exist, significant heterogeneity in patient outcomes persist. This study aims to evaluate whether white-cell differentials predict oncologic outcomes in glioblastoma (GBM).

methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 85 GBM patients treated with standard surgery, radiotherapy (60 Gy in 30 fractions), and temozolomide. Clinical data (age, Karnofsky performance status, extent of resection, MGMT methylation, corticosteroid use, dosimetric data) and hematologic indices (absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), absolute eosinophil (AEC) and basophil counts, etc.) were collected at baseline and up to 3 months post-chemoradiation.

resultsMedian overall survival (OS) in our cohort was 22.5 months (95% CI, 20.4-32.2). On univariate analysis, higher AEC correlated with improved OS at baseline (HR 0.68; p = 0.013) and at 2 months (HR 0.58; p = 0.019). In the combined multivariable model-controlling for age, extent of resection, MGMT status, KPS, steroid use, and % of brain volume receiving 60 Gy) -baseline AEC remained independently prognostic (aHR 0.64; p = 0.021).

conclusionsBaseline eosinophils were independently associated with improved survival. Such findings highlight the importance of host immunity and baseline eosinophils as a potential prognostic marker of OS in GBM and warrant larger, prospective studies on prognostic marker validation.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsEosinophilsGlioblastomaAdultAgedBiomarkers, TumorFemaleHumansLeukocyte CountMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisRetrospective StudiesTemozolomideBiomarkers, TumorTemozolomideEosinophilsGlioblastomaHematologic markersPrognosis

Identifiers

PMID42210179
PMCPMC13430850

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.