ArticleJournal of nanobiotechnology2026
A migrasome-based osteoinductive strategy: reprogramming the bone microenvironment for accelerated coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis.
Article in Journal of nanobiotechnology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
The spatiotemporal coupling of osteogenesis and angiogenesis mediated by type H vessels represents a fundamental mechanism in bone formation. Although macrophages, the key immunomodulatory cells in the bone microenvironment, are known to participate in the regulation of type H vessels, the underlying mechanisms still remain insufficiently understood. The role of migrasomes, a newly discovered class of substrate-anchored extracellular vesicles, in macrophage-type H vessel crosstalk during bone regeneration were investigated in this study. M2 macrophage-derived migrasomes (RAW-MS) were produced by stimulating RAW 264.7 cells with fibronectin (FN). In vitro experiments indicated that RAW-MS were internalized by recipient cells, thereby promoting anti-inflammatory macrophage polarization, enhancing angiogenic activity, and facilitating osteogenic differentiation. Proteomic analysis revealed that RAW-MS were enriched with numerous angiogenesis-associated proteins. Transcriptome sequencing and subsequently in vitro experiments demonstrated that RAW-MS activated the endothelial tip cells phenotype and sprouting angiogenesis via TGFβ1/Smad2 signaling pathway. When incorporated into GelMA hydrogels, RAW-MS significantly improved vascularized bone regeneration in a critical-sized rat cranial defect model. Both in vitro and in vivo investigations consistently showed that RAW-MS enhanced the coupling of angiogenesis and osteogenesis accompanied by an increased density of type H vessel formation through upregulation of the TGFβ1/Smad2 signaling. In conclusion, this study highlighted the potential of migrasomes as innovative signaling vehicles for manipulating the regenerative microenvironment in tissue engineering.
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