Evidence mapPaperPMID 42219264Full record

Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

The Effect of Canagliflozin Dose on Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and High Cardiovascular Risk.

Elias John Elenjickal, Frédéric Baroz, Philippe Boileau, Michael A Tsoukas, Abhinav Sharma, Thomas A Mavrakanas

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Elias John ElenjickalDepartment of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada.
Frédéric BarozDepartment of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada.
Philippe BoileauDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Michael A TsoukasDepartment of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8326-7274
Abhinav SharmaDepartment of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2346-8330
Thomas A MavrakanasDepartment of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3368-247X

Funding

Fonds de Recherche Santé Quebec 309790
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPharmacokinetic data suggest a potential dose-dependent effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on surrogate markers of efficacy, but the impact of SGLT-2 inhibitor dose on renal and cardiovascular outcomes remains uncertain.

methodsIn this post hoc analysis, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of two canagliflozin doses (100 and 300 mg) on hard clinical endpoints using participant-level data from the CANVAS randomised controlled trial (4330 patients). The primary outcome was a composite of doubling of serum creatinine, renal failure, or death due to renal cause. Secondary outcomes included a composite cardiovascular endpoint; hospitalisation for heart failure; all-cause mortality; and progression or regression of albuminuria. Safety outcomes included serious hyperkalaemia and acute kidney injury. Cox proportional hazards models were used.

resultsThere was no significant difference in the composite renal endpoint between the two doses: hazard ratio (HR) 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.38-1.89 (p = 0.68). Both doses, however, were associated with significant reductions in the incidence of the primary renal endpoint compared with placebo: HR 0.49 (95% CI 0.25-0.95; p = 0.03) for 100 mg and HR 0.41 (95% CI 0.20-0.83; p = 0.01) for 300 mg. There was no difference between the two doses of the drug in any of the secondary endpoints. Importantly, no added safety concerns were identified with either dose.

conclusionsIn this post hoc analysis of the CANVAS trial, we did not observe evidence of a dose-dependent effect of canagliflozin on renal or cardiovascular outcomes. Both doses reduced the risk of kidney events versus placebo, suggesting clinical benefit at any dose.

Indexed as

CanagliflozinCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NephropathiesSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAgedDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansKidneyMaleMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeCanagliflozinSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitorscanagliflozincardiovasculardoseheart failurehyperkalaemiamortalityrenal failuretype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID42219264
PMCPMC13341376

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.