ArticleCureus2026
Incidence of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease in Crete (2021-2024): A Prospective Population-Based Epidemiological Study With Contemporary Literature Review.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundLegg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is an uncommon pediatric osteonecrosis of the femoral head with substantial geographic variation in reported incidence. This study estimated the population-based incidence of LCPD in Crete (Greece) and contextualized findings through a narrative review of contemporary international literature.
methodsWe conducted a population-based prospective study of children aged 4-16 years in Crete between 2021 and 2024. Disease incidence was calculated using age-specific annual population counts and expressed per 100,000 child-years at risk. Annual population denominators were obtained from the Hellenic Statistical Authority. Incidence rates (per 100,000 child-years) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated assuming a Poisson distribution. In parallel, a narrative review (January 2015-September 2025) was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and Ovid to identify population-based studies reporting LCPD incidence or epidemiology following predefined search and selection criteria.
resultsOver the four-year study period, a total of 401,900 child-years at risk were recorded, during which a total of 10 children were diagnosed with LCPD in Crete (11 affected hips; one bilateral case), yielding an overall hip-based incidence of 2.74 per 100,000 child-years (95% CI: 1.37-4.88). Annual incidence was 4.83 per 100,000 child-years in 2021 and approximately 2.00 per 100,000 child-years in 2022-2024. The mean age at presentation was 6.50 years, with a male predominance. The literature review identified eight eligible studies demonstrating marked international heterogeneity in incidence (0.2-29.2 per 100,000) and consistent male predominance.
conclusionsLCPD incidence in Crete (2021-2024) was low and within the lower-to-mid range of international estimates. Findings reflect a population-based setting but should be interpreted cautiously due to limited case numbers and the absence of a control group.
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