Evidence mapPaperPMID 42221101Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026

Anti-diabetic retinopathy molecular mechanism of Dihuang Yinzi: insights from network pharmacology, metabolomics, and microbiome analysis.

Jinmiao Chai, Wanwei Gui, Junlong Zhang, Wenbin He, Qinqing Li

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Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jinmiao ChaiShanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Wanwei GuiShanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Junlong ZhangShanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Wenbin HeShanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.
Qinqing LiShanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) represents a major microvascular complication arising from diabetes mellitus, characterized by multifactorial pathogenesis encompassing genetic, metabolic, and microbial components. While Dihuang Yinzi (DHYZ), a traditional Chinese herbal formulation, exhibits therapeutic promise for DR management, the precise mechanistic underpinnings warrant further investigation. This research sought to elucidate critical target genes, metabolic compounds, and microbial species implicated in DHYZ's therapeutic action against DR. Methods: We constructed a murine DR model and procured biological specimens from 18 animals distributed across three experimental cohorts (control, disease model, and DHYZ-treated groups, Results: We identified 110 candidate genes and five key target genes (STAT3, IL6, TNF, ESR1, and IL1B). Molecular docking analysis revealed strong binding interactions between ESR1 and six corresponding active compounds, with the highest binding affinity observed for naringenin. Additionally, metabolomic analysis identified 50 candidate metabolites, and microbiome analysis revealed 24 candidate microbes. Spearman correlation analysis further pinpointed 30 key metabolites and 18 key microbes. Conclusion: This study elucidates five key target genes, 30 key metabolites, and 18 key microbes through which DHYZ may exert its therapeutic effects in DR. These findings provide valuable insights and a foundational reference for understanding the multi-omics mechanism of DHYZ in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

Indexed as

diabetic retinopathyDihuang Yinzikey target genesmetabolomicmicrobiome

Identifiers

PMID42221101
PMCPMC13219277

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.