Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42221673›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2026

Higher plasma omega-6 fatty acids are associated with lower dementia risk: evidence from NMR metabolomics and Alzheimer's disease polygenic risk in the UK Biobank.

Li Luo, Siyin Gong, Dan Liu, Kunyan Zhou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Li LuoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Siyin GongDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Dan LiuKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
Kunyan ZhouDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Circulating polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been implicated in neurodegenerative processes, yet epidemiological evidence remains inconsistent. Genetic susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD), commonly indexed by a polygenic risk score (PRS), is a major determinant of dementia risk. However, few large-scale prospective studies have jointly examined plasma fatty acid profiles and genetic liability to AD in relation to incident dementia. Objectives: To investigate the independent and combined associations of plasma omega-3 PUFAs, omega-6 PUFAs, and the omega-6/omega-3 ratio with incident dementia, and to determine whether these associations vary according to AD-PRS. Methods: We analyzed data from 81,827 UK Biobank participants with baseline nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics and genetic information. Plasma fatty acids were quantified using standardized NMR spectroscopy, and genetic risk for AD was assessed using the Enhanced AD-PRS. Incident dementia was identified through linked hospital admission and death registry records. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. Dose-response relationships and both additive and multiplicative interactions with AD-PRS were evaluated, alongside subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Results: Over a median follow-up of 12.1 years, 1,335 participants developed dementia. Higher plasma omega-6 concentrations were consistently associated with a lower risk of dementia, corresponding to an approximately 15% risk reduction per 1 mmol/L increase (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.79-0.93, Conclusions: Higher plasma omega-6 PUFA levels were independently associated with a clinically meaningful reduction in dementia risk, whereas omega-3 PUFAs and the omega-6/omega-3 ratio were not. Although elevated omega-6 modestly reduced absolute risk among individuals with high genetic susceptibility to AD, no meaningful gene-nutrient interaction was detected. Further mechanistic and interventional studies are warranted to elucidate underlying pathways.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseDementiaFatty Acids, Omega-6AgedFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic Risk ScoreHumansMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMaleMetabolomicsMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsUK BiobankFatty Acids, Omega-3Fatty Acids, Omega-6Alzheimer's diseasedementiaNMR metabolomicsomega-3omega-6polygenic risk scorepolyunsaturated fatty acidsUK Biobank

Identifiers

PMID42221673
PMCPMC13216053

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.