SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2026
Does resistance training alone or in combination with aerobic training improve vascular function indices in adults with type 2 diabetes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: To systematically evaluate and meta-analytically quantify the effects of RT-based interventions-defined as resistance training alone or resistance training combined with aerobic training-on vascular function in adults with T2DM. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Ovid, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and CBM from inception to August 2025 for randomised controlled trials evaluating resistance training alone or combined with aerobic training on vascular function in adults with T2DM. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using Results: Compared with non-exercise controls, RT-based interventions significantly reduced arterial stiffness ( Conclusions: RT-based interventions, particularly when delivered as combined RT+AT, may improve vascular function in adults with T2DM, especially arterial stiffness and endothelial function, with moderate-certainty evidence supporting these benefits. However, because the pooled estimates reflect RT-based programmes overall and the evidence for RT alone was more limited for several outcomes, conclusions regarding isolated RT should remain cautious. Evidence for wave reflection indices remains inconclusive (moderate certainty), and evidence for peripheral haemodynamics remains inconclusive (low certainty). Further well-designed, adequately powered RCTs with standardised vascular assessments are needed to define optimal exercise prescriptions in adults with T2DM. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD420261323648.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.