Evidence mapPaperPMID 42224233Full record

ArticlePloS one2026

"Probably a Little Bit of a Hill to Climb": A qualitative study of emergency department providers' perceptions of nonpharmacological pain treatment.

Rogelio A Coronado, David G Schlundt, Kristin R Archer, Kemberlee R Bonnet, Carrie E Brintz, Tyler Toledo, Vivek P Joseph, Ruth Q Wolever, Catherine S Hobbs, Mira P Patel and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Rogelio A CoronadoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7112-4903
David G SchlundtDepartment of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.
Kristin R ArcherDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0433-1942
Kemberlee R BonnetDepartment of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4046-3408
Carrie E BrintzVanderbilt Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.
Tyler ToledoVeteran Administration Tennessee Valley VA Health Care System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.
Vivek P JosephDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.
Ruth Q WoleverDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2899-218X
Catherine S HobbsDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.
Mira P PatelDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.
Sean P CollinsDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.
Alan B StorrowDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2893-808X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNonpharmacological strategies are advocated as evidence-based treatment options for pain, yet these are rarely offered within the emergency department (ED) setting. Understanding how ED providers perceive these strategies can guide implementation efforts.

objectiveThe objective of this study was to qualitatively examine ED provider perceptions of conventional and complementary nonpharmacological pain strategies.

methodsNine ED physicians from a single academic medical center completed a semi-structured interview conducted by a trained qualitative researcher. The interview focused on the provider's current pain management approach and perceived benefits, barriers, and facilitators of nonpharmacological pain treatments. Each interview was audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using an iterative deductive-inductive approach. Findings were organized into themes and subthemes to inform a conceptual model of nonpharmacological intervention implementation.

resultsSix major themes emerged: 1) institutional context around intervention implementation, 2) professional beliefs about nonpharmacological pain interventions, 3) patient characteristics as a modifying factor, 4) intervention characteristics as a modifying factor, 5) process of implementation, and 6) engagement. Providers acknowledged benefits of nonpharmacological strategies, particularly for patients with chronic pain or history of opioid use. However, perceived barriers included negative patient perceptions of mind-body therapies, minimal ED provider training or education, limited time or care coordination support, and lack of physical space. Possible facilitators for integration included provider education, leadership support, and intervention tailoring.

conclusionED providers recognize the potential value of nonpharmacological pain treatment strategies. However, both broad healthcare and ED-specific barriers to implementation may limit routine use in the ED. Future efforts for improving pain management in the ED should identify strategies to address implementation barriers of evidence-based nonpharmacological interventions.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelEmergency Service, HospitalPain ManagementFemaleHumansMaleQualitative Research

Identifiers

PMID42224233
PMCPMC13225396

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.