ReviewJMIR diabetes2026
Obstacles and Enablers Related to Gestational Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review Using the Socio-Eecological Model.
Review in JMIR diabetes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) requires effective self-management to mitigate associated health risks. A comprehensive understanding of the multilevel factors influencing adherence is essential to designing effective, holistic support strategies. Objective: This systematic review aimed to synthesize the obstacles and enablers related to GDM self-management across all 5 levels of the socioecological model (SEM). Methods: A systematic search was conducted across 6 databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) for literature published from January 2010 to October 2025. Thirty studies (24 qualitative, 4 quantitative, and 2 mixed methods) were included. Data on obstacles and enablers were extracted and synthesized using the SEM as an analytical framework. Results: The analysis identified 11 key factors across the intrapersonal (eg, knowledge and emotional response), interpersonal (eg, functional support network), organizational (eg, health care access and workplace demands), community (eg, food environment and digital information landscape), and policy levels (eg, funding and economic support). The synthesis reveals how these factors interact across levels, creating systemic challenges such as fragmentation of support and information inequity. Conclusions: Successful GDM self-management support requires integrated, multilevel strategies that address factors ranging from the individual level to the policy level. This review provides an evidence-based SEM framework to inform the development of comprehensive support interventions, including those leveraging digital health platforms, to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.