ReviewArchives of Razi Institute2025
A Comprehensive Review of Nanoadjuvants in Cancer Vaccines and Their Immunomodulatory Role and Clinical Applications.
Review in Archives of Razi Institute, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer vaccines could potentially stimulate the immune system to target and eliminate cancerous cells by activating the immune system. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, depending on the type and stage of cancer. Several challenges must be overcome to achieve an effective and long-lasting immune response. Nanoadjuvants have emerged as an essential component of cancer vaccines due to their ability to improve antigen delivery, increase immunogenicity, and modulate the immune response to a given antigen. The current review details the latest developments in nanoadjuvants for cancer vaccines. Nanoparticles such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, and metallic nanostructures have been shown to possess a unique ability to enhance the effectiveness of vaccines by facilitating antigen uptake, stimulating dendritic cell maturation, and inducing a robust immune response mediated by T cells. It is also possible, with nanoadjuvants, to engineer and develop immunoadjuvants that release antigens in a controlled manner. This enhances the duration and specificity of the immune response over an extended period. Moreover, the review discusses the potential application of nanoadjuvants in highly customized cancer vaccines, in which the nanoformulation is designed to match the specific antigens of the patient's tumors. In numerous preclinical and clinical studies, nanoadjuvant-based cancer vaccines have been evaluated for their safety and effectiveness, and various formulations are currently being tested at different stages of development to determine their efficacy and safety. However, despite these advances, several challenges still remain, such as potential toxicity, scaling up production, and overcoming regulatory hurdles. In conclusion, this review provides an overview of the future directions of nanoadjuvants in cancer immunotherapy and emphasizes the need for interdisciplinary collaborative efforts to address existing challenges and fully unlock the potential of this innovative approach.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.