ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2026
Impacts of a Public Health Emergency on Cancer Testing Rates, Follow-up, and Cancer Diagnosis: An Evaluation of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Abstract
backgroundPublic health emergencies can substantially affect routine health care. Large cancer screening declines during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic are well documented; however, COVID-19's impact on follow-up of abnormal screening exams and cancer diagnoses is less reported. We examined the impacts of COVID-19 on the cervical, colorectal, and lung cancer screening processes, within 10 health systems in the Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process (PROSPR) consortium.
methodsPROSPR data were used to calculate: (i) monthly rates of cancer testing and, for pre-COVID and COVID time periods, (ii) proportions of individuals receiving recommended follow-up within 6 months of an abnormal test, and (iii) cancer incidence. Surveys were used to assess the healthcare systems' local context.
resultsDuring the first 2 months of the pandemic, cancer testing decreased across all health systems and cancer types (range, 18%-96%). Overall, decreases in monthly rates were followed by rapid recovery to prepandemic rates. The rates of 6-month follow-up of abnormal screening results trended down in the COVID versus pre-COVID periods, as did the diagnosis of new cancers.
conclusionsDeclines in cancer testing in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic were short term, with at least short-term impacts on diagnostic follow-up and cancer diagnosis. The systems with the smallest decreases were those that both utilized remote screening outreach (e.g., mailed fecal immunochemical test kits) and did not pause that outreach at the start of the pandemic. IMPACT: Strategies and policies implemented by healthcare systems during public health emergencies can help minimize disruptions in care. See related In the Spotlight, p. 1481.
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