Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42234293›Full record

ArticleClinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico2026

Early- versus late-onset mortality trends in breast and female genital cancers in Spain, 1999-2024.

Lucía Cayuela, Antoni Llueca, Julián Librero, Victoria Achaval, Francisco Herrero Machancoses, Aurelio Cayuela

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Article in Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Lucía CayuelaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-0501
Antoni LluecaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reference Unit in Abdomino-Pelvic Oncological Surgery (UR-COAP) of Valencia Region, University General Hospital of Castellon, Castellón de La Plana, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3723-8795
Julián LibreroNavarrabiomed-HUN-UPNA, Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Prevención y Promoción de La Saluds (RICAPPS), Pamplona, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4859-9054
Victoria AchavalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hospital de Móstoles, Móstoles, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8992-766X
Francisco Herrero MachancosesPredepartmental Unit of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jaume I University, 12071, Castellón de La Plana, Spain. herrerof@uji.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0280-5972
Aurelio CayuelaIndependent Researcher, Seville, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4936-9402

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBreast and gynaecological cancers represent the leading oncological burden among women worldwide. We aimed to describe long-term mortality trends for these malignancies in Spain over a 26 year period, focusing on differences between early-onset (< 50 years) and late-onset (≥ 50 years) disease.

methodsMortality data (1999-2024) were obtained from the Spanish National Institute of Statistics. Age-standardised mortality rates (ASMRs) were calculated per 100,000 women using the 2013 European Standard Population. Joinpoint regression estimated annual percentage changes (APC) and average annual percentage changes (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

resultsTotal annual deaths rose from 9531 to 11,641, despite declining ASMRs for most sites. Breast cancer mortality decreased consistently (AAPC - 1.4%; 95% CI - 1.5, - 1.3), with a more pronounced reduction in the < 50 group (AAPC - 2.5%). Significant ASMR declines were observed for uterus NOS (- 2.3%), ovary (- 0.7%), and cervix uteri (- 0.6%). In the < 50 cohort, ovarian cancer mortality fell sharply (AAPC - 2.1%). Conversely, corpus uteri cancer was the only site showing an increasing trend (AAPC + 0.4%; 95% CI 0.1, 0.8), with a steeper increase observed among women ≥ 50 years. Non-monotonic trends were identified for less common gynaecological cancers.

conclusionsMortality rates for breast and most gynaecological cancers in Spain have declined, although absolute deaths have increased. These trends are potentially consistent with advances in prevention and care alongside population ageing. The rise in corpus uteri cancer represents an emerging public health concern potentially associated with increasing metabolic risk factors, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.

Indexed as

Breast neoplasmsFemaleGenital neoplasmsMortality trendsSpain

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.