Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42235518›Full record

ArticleCell reports. Medicine2026

Targeted extracellular vesicle-photoimmunotherapy remodels stromal-immune microenvironment to boost chemo-immunotherapy in preclinical models.

Chengming Qu, Jie Liu, Jinpeng Cen, Ming Tian, Yibo Chai, Peng Xia, Runhua Zhou, Jingbo Ma, Huifang Wang, Haitao Yuan and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Chengming QuZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P.R. China.
Jie LiuZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P.R. China.
Jinpeng CenDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China; Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510900, P.R. China.
Ming TianZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P.R. China.
Yibo ChaiZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P.R. China.
Peng XiaZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P.R. China; Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Runhua ZhouDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China.
Jingbo MaDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China.
Huifang WangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China.
Haitao YuanDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China.
Felix RückertDepartment of Visceral Surgery, Diakonissen Hospital, 67346 Speyer, Germany.
Ji LiHarry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Bo HeHarry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Zhiyong YangZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P.R. China.
Rui HouDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China; Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. Electronic address: rui.hou@uwa.edu.au.
Zhijie LiDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China. Electronic address: li.zhijie@szhospital.com.
Jigang WangDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University), Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P.R. China. Electronic address: jgwang@icmm.ac.cn.
Yufeng YuanZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P.R. China. Electronic address: yuanyf1971@whu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Solid tumors, especially pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs), activate quiescent fibroblasts into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that generate dense desmoplastic stroma. This barrier restricts drug penetration and immune infiltration, promoting tumor progression. Here, we engineer Midkine (MDK)-targeting nanobody-functionalized extracellular vesicles (D4-EV) as a precision photoimmunotherapy platform. These vesicles selectively accumulate in the tumor microenvironment through MDK overexpression. Loaded with chlorin e6 (Ce6), Ce6@D4-EV induces immunogenic cell death upon light irradiation, triggering dsDNA release and cGAS-STING activation in tumor-associated macrophages. Concurrently, it reprograms CAFs, reduces extracellular matrix deposition, improves vascular perfusion, and alleviates hypoxia. This stromal-immune remodeling substantially enhances the therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade, adoptive T cell therapy, and chemotherapy, leading to prolonged survival in multiple MDK-positive preclinical tumor models. The platform provides a promising strategy to overcome stromal barriers in desmoplastic tumors.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Pancreatic DuctalExtracellular VesiclesImmunotherapyPancreatic NeoplasmsPhototherapyTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsCancer-Associated FibroblastsCell Line, TumorcGAS-STING Signaling PathwayChlorophyllidesHumansMicePorphyrinsChlorophyllidesphytochlorinPorphyrinscGAS-STINGengineered exosomesMidkinenanobodypancreatic ductal adenocarcinomaphotoimmunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID42235518
PMCPMC13400143

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.