Evidence mapPaperPMID 42235652Full record

ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2026

Antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of Cannabidiol in HIV/SIV infection.

Alysha L Ellison, José Javier Rosado-Franco, Labib Mamun, Stephen Knerler, Marzieh Daniali, Kiara Mehta, Sierra Williams-McLeod, Jade Alvarez, Savoya S Joyner, Ryan Vandrey and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Alysha L EllisonDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
José Javier Rosado-FrancoDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Labib MamunDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Stephen KnerlerDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Marzieh DanialiDepartment of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Kiara MehtaDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Sierra Williams-McLeodCellular and Molecular Medicine PhD Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Jade AlvarezPathobiology PhD Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Savoya S JoynerNeuroscience PhD Program, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Ryan VandreyDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Elise M WeertsDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Peter J GaskillDepartment of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Michael J CorleyDepartment of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Lishomwa C NdhlovuDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Dionna W WilliamsDepartment of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: dwwill4@emory.edu.

Funding

Elucidating single cell changes in neurogenic brain regions during HIV and cannabinoid exposureU01DA058527 · NIDA · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI Michael Jay Corley, Lishomwa C Ndhlovu · 2023 to 2026
$9.4M
Cannabidiol and Macrophage Chronic Inflammation in a Virally Suppressed Rhesus Macaque ModelR01DA052859 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI WILLIAMS, DIONNA WHITNEY · 2020 to 2024
$3.6M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA052859NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA058527
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Persistent reservoirs and chronic immune activation are hallmarks of HIV, despite the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in suppressing viral replication. Here, we use rhesus macaques and primary and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human immune cells to evaluate the virologic and immunologic consequences of cannabidiol (CBD) exposure during HIV/SIV infection. We show that CBD, in the absence of ART, suppresses viral replication and establishment of the viral reservoir to levels comparable with first-line therapies during acute SIV infection of rhesus macaques. This antiviral effect of CBD extended to in vitro HIV infection of human macrophages, T cells, and microglia. Immunologically, we observe CBD slowed CD4 + T cell decline and polarization, decreased CD14 + CD16 + monocyte expansion, and reduced interferon-inducible cytokine release in rhesus macaques. We identify comparable effects on cytokine production with in vitro CBD treatment of human macrophages, T cells, and microglia. Importantly, we find CBD inhibits cytokines only when an immune response is elicited by HIV, suggesting it is not broadly immunosuppressive. Finally, we determine CBD regulates endocannabinoid receptors, modulators, and transporters and inhibits NF-κb and STAT1 activation when mediating its antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects. These findings show beneficial effects of CBD in laboratory models of untreated HIV, thus placebo-controlled clinical trials to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of adjunctive CBD use with ART is warranted.

Indexed as

CannabidiolEndocannabinoidHIVInflammationSIV

Identifiers

PMID42235652
PMCPMC13340038

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.