ArticleInternational journal of general medicine2026
Factors Associated with Malignant Gastric Ulcers: A 10-year Retrospective Cohort Study.
Article in International journal of general medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Background: Gastric ulcers carry a recognized risk of underlying malignancy. Regional evidence remains limited in the Middle East, where historically high Methods: A retrospective cohort of all patients diagnosed with gastric ulcer between 2014 and 2024 at Hamad Medical Corporation was analyzed. Local protocols mandate biopsy and follow-up endoscopy, although real-world adherence varies. Collected variables included demographics, ulcer morphology, Results: Among 473 patients, 39 (8.2%) had malignant ulcers. Ulcer size was the strongest predictor of malignancy; medium and large ulcers demonstrated markedly increased odds in univariate and multivariable analyses. Age, sex, smoking, alcohol use, Conclusion: Malignant gastric ulcers accounted for a meaningful minority of ulcer presentations. Ulcer size was the dominant predictor of malignancy, while demographic, lifestyle, and microbial factors added limited discriminatory value. These findings support emphasizing ulcer size in risk stratification and ensuring universal biopsy of all gastric ulcers, with timely follow-up for medium and large lesions.
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