ArticleScientific reports2026
Larvicidal activity of essential oils and nanoemulsions against Culex pipiens larvae (Diptera: Culicidae).
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases are a growing global challenge. Vector control strategies have recently transitioned from chemical insecticides to botanical products. This study evaluated the larvicidal efficacy of dill, lime, and wormwood essential oils (EOs), along with their combinations and nanoemulsions (NEs), against Culex pipiens third-instar larvae over 48 h. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed major components for dill EO (Apiol 25.46%, Carvone 24.13%, and D-Limonene 23.47%), lime EO (D-Limonene 24.16%, α-Terpineol 13.12%, and β-Pinene 11.98%), and wormwood EO (davanone 33.8%, and camphor 25.67%). The TEM image showed spherical NE droplets (40-160 nm). The droplet size and polydispersity index (PDI) were (164 nm and 0.2), (211.6 nm and 0.2), and (160.8 nm and 0.6) for dill, lime, and wormwood NEs, respectively. Based on LC
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