ArticleBMC ophthalmology2026
Early retinal, optic disc and choriocapillaris microvascular alterations in children with type 1 diabetes without clinical retinopathy: an OCTA-based case-control study.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo assess retinal, optic disc, and choriocapillaris microvascular changes in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). MATERIALS AND
methodsThis cross-sectional study included 154 children, comprising 77 children with T1DM and 77 healthy controls. One eye from each participant was analyzed. OCTA was used to evaluate vessel density in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses, foveal avascular zone area, radial peripapillary capillary vessel density, and choriocapillaris non-perfused area (NPCA) ratios. Foveal thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness were measured using optical coherence tomography. Age, sex, body mass index, and HbA1c levels were recorded for all participants, along with disease duration and daily insulin dose in the T1DM group.
resultsSuperficial capillary plexus vessel density and foveal avascular zone parameters did not differ significantly between the T1DM and control groups (p > 0.05). Deep capillary plexus vessel density was also comparable between groups across most regions; however, superior hemi-area vessel density was higher in the T1DM group on unadjusted analysis (p < 0.05). Radial peripapillary capillary vessel density in the peripapillary region and whole-image analysis showed no significant differences between groups (p > 0.05). In contrast, intrapapillary vessel density was lower in children with T1DM (p < 0.05). Choriocapillaris NPCA ratio and foveal thickness were increased in the T1DM group (p < 0.05), while subfoveal choroidal thickness showed no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05).
conclusionChildren with T1DM without clinical retinopathy may show early microvascular alterations on OCTA, particularly increased central choriocapillaris non-perfusion and reduced intrapapillary vessel density. These findings support the potential value of OCTA in detecting preclinical ocular microvascular involvement in pediatric T1DM before clinically detectable retinopathy develops.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.