Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42244170›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2026

Higher infant dietary diversity is associated with a reduced risk of stunting in the second year among a longitudinal cohort of HIV-unexposed and HIV-exposed but uninfected Kenyan children.

Saralyn Foster, Shalean Collins, Daniel Powers, Rachel Rickman, Joshua Miller, Maricianah Onono, Pauline Wekesa, Marcela Abrego, Anahi Ramos-Gonzalez, Kayleen Whitley and 3 more

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Article in Public health nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Saralyn Fosterhttps://ror.org/00hj54h04University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Shalean CollinsTulane University, USA.
Daniel Powershttps://ror.org/00hj54h04University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Rachel Rickmanhttps://ror.org/00hj54h04University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Joshua MillerThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA.
Maricianah OnonoKenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya.
Pauline WekesaKenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya.
Marcela Abregohttps://ror.org/00hj54h04University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Anahi Ramos-Gonzalezhttps://ror.org/00hj54h04University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Kayleen Whitleyhttps://ror.org/00hj54h04University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Madilyn Bradleyhttps://ror.org/00hj54h04University of Texas at Austin, USA.
Sera L YoungNorthwestern University, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1763-1218
Elizabeth M Widenhttps://ror.org/00hj54h04University of Texas at Austin, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9574-6109

Funding

Research Services CoreP2CHD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAREN B GUZZO · 2015 to 2026
$9.6M
Health Consequences of Food & Nutrition Insecurity for HIV+ Women & Their InfantsK01MH098902 · NIMH · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI YOUNG, SERA LEWISE · 2012 to 2016
$854k
Pregnancy weight trajectories and offspring adiposityR00HD086304 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN · PI WIDEN, ELIZABETH MARIE · 2018 to 2020
$744k
NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD050924NICHD NIH HHS R00 HD086304NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH098902
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveFew studies have examined whether infant dietary diversity is prospectively associated with malnutrition risk in young children. We sought to assess whether dietary diversity and animal-source food (ASF) consumption were associated with malnutrition and body composition among children younger than 2 years at high risk of malnutrition.

designLongitudinal cohort of HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) or HIV-unexposed children with repeated measures of weight, length, circumferences and skinfold thicknesses from age 9 to 23 months from which WHO z-scores were calculated. FFQ assessed infants' dietary diversity, flesh foods and egg intake. Cox proportional hazards were used to examine whether minimum dietary diversity (MDD, dietary diversity scores ≥ 5) and consumption of ASF were associated with malnutrition, defined as z-score < -2.

settingWestern Kenya.

participantsInfants (

resultsAt 9 months, 42 % of infants met MDD, and mean z-scores were above -1 sd. Meeting MDD at 9 months was associated with a lower risk of stunting from 9 to 23 months (HR 0·51; 95 % CI: 0·33, 0·80) but not wasting or underweight. MDD at 9 months was associated with 86 % (95 % CI 0·11, 0·51) lower risk of low subscapular skinfolds; similar trends were observed for flesh foods.

conclusionsIn a cohort of Kenyan infants, MDD at 9 months was associated with reduced risk of stunting through the second year of life. Flesh food intake was associated with lower risk of low trunk adiposity. Improving dietary diversity during infancy may protect against early-life stunting.

Indexed as

DietGrowth DisordersHIV InfectionsInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaMalnutritionBody CompositionFemaleHumansInfantKenyaLongitudinal StudiesMaleProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsChild growthInfant dietInfant growthLinear growthLongitudinalMinimum dietary diversityProspective studyStunting

Identifiers

PMID42244170
PMCPMC13434571

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.