ArticleDiscover oncology2026
Identification of hub mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs involved in temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma (brain cancer) cell lines.
Article in Discover oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTemozolomide (TMZ) is used to treat glioblastoma cancer and it is essential to identify key genes and investigate the molecular mechanisms of glioblastoma cancer cells resistant to temozolomide. MATERIALS AND
methodsRaw RNA-Seq data from glioblastoma cell lines were analyzed by Linux and used to align to the human reference genome GRCh38 using HISAT2 as well as edgeR in the R package was used. KEGG and EnrichR pathways were used for enrichment analysis and degree level in Cytoscape was used to identify hub genes.
resultsThe top up-regulated genes included NeuroD4, IgSF21, PCDH8, ACKR1, and TC2N, and top down-regulated genes including ITGAX, SIGLEC-15, CCL8, MOG, PENK, and SELE were identified. The genes up-expressed in the biological process (BP) were mostly related to regulation of phospholipase c-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, in the molecular function (MF) belonged to calcium- dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase activity, and in the cellular component (CC) were associated with actin filament. Next, the genes down-expressed in the BP were mainly related to cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, in the MF related to chemokine receptor binding, and in the CC were belonged to MHC Class II protein complex. Key genes related to KEGG pathways mainly were shown chemokine, inflammations, apoptosis, and cell adhesion functions. Top up-regulated TFs including TFAP2C, and BCL11A and top down-regulated TFs such as IRF3, and CEBPB were identified. Top up-regulated hub genes including NEUROD1, DCX, and ACKR1 and top down-regulated hub genes such as IL1B, CXCL10, and ITGAX were identified. Top up-regulated lncRNAs including NAV2-AS2, CAMTA1-AS2, and MEIS1-AS3, and top down-regulated lncRNAs such as MIR3142HG, SUGCT-AS1, and DBH-AS1 were identified. Finally, this study was evaluated with qRT-PCR results of reported studies and the expression of down and up-regulated genes was confirmed.
conclusionAccordingly, these genes can be incorporated into clinical prognostic models and provide panels of genes for selecting personalized and appropriate therapeutic approaches. Overall, key genes can be suggested as influential genes associated with temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cell lines.
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