Evidence mapPaperPMID 42247342Full record

Observational studyKidney & blood pressure research2026

Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Assessment of Kidney Function Decline in Long COVID Syndrome.

Margherita Borriello, Roberta Ranieri, Annapaola Coppola, Patrizia Lombari, Riccardo Nevola, Aldo Marrone, Giuseppe Signoriello, Luigi Elio Adinolfi, Nicola Coppola, Diana Ingrosso and 6 more

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Kidney & blood pressure research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Margherita BorrielloClinical Biochemistry, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Roberta RanieriNephrology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Annapaola CoppolaClinical Biochemistry, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Patrizia LombariClinical Biochemistry, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Riccardo NevolaLiver Unit, AORN S. G. Moscati, "A. Landolfi" Hospital, Avellino, Italy.
Aldo MarroneDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Giuseppe SignorielloDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Luigi Elio AdinolfiDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Nicola CoppolaInfectious Diseases, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
Diana IngrossoHygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Flavia Maria LongoBiogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Ariano Irpino, Italy.
Christian Di MaroClinical Biochemistry, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Carlo Maria AlfieriNephrology Unit, Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Diego IngrossoClinical Biochemistry, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Mariadelina SimeoniNephrology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Alessandra PernaNephrology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy, alessandra.perna@unicampania.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionLong COVID (LC) is an inflammatory condition, affecting multiple organs, including kidneys. This study aims to identify a signature of inflammatory biomarkers that can predict, describe, and monitor kidney function decline in LC patients.

methodsA single-center observational study was carried out at the COVID Center of University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli." Patients who survived the acute phase were invited for a follow-up visit at least 12 months after discharge. Based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), patients were categorized in three groups: group 1: eGFR >90 mL/min × 1.73 m2, group 2: eGFR 30-89 mL/min × 1.73 m2, and group 3: eGFR <30 mL/min × 1.73 m2. The multiplex ELLA platform was employed to quantify serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers including IL-6, IL-17, IL-10, IL-1β, PTX3, TNF-α, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin. Associations between each biomarker level and eGFR were analyzed.

resultsA decline in the eGFR at follow-up compared to that at admission was observed. IL-6 levels increased significantly as the eGFR decreased across the groups. IL-17, IL-10, and VCAM1 levels were markedly elevated in group 3.

conclusionsAccording to our results, IL-6, IL-17, IL-10, and VCAM1 constitute a biomarker signature associated with poorer renal prognosis in LC patients. The rise in IL-6 could drive an increase in IL-17, IL-10, and VCAM1, contributing to kidney function decline. These findings may help establish a clinical and laboratory framework to predict chronic kidney disease risk in LC. Furthermore, ELLA platform appears as a useful tool for inflammatory biomarker quantification in the clinical setting.

Indexed as

COVID-19KidneyAgedBiomarkersFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansInflammationKidney Function TestsMaleMiddle AgedPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeBiomarkersEndothelial dysfunction biomarkersInflammatory cytokinesKidney function declineLong COVIDSemiautomated multiplex ELISA

Identifiers

PMID42247342
PMCPMC13412225

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.