Evidence mapPaperPMID 42249237Full record

ArticleObesity surgery2026

Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery vs. Dietary Counseling in Adults with Severe Obesity: Risk of De Novo Malignancy in a Propensity-Matched Multicentered Real-World Analysis.

Wissam Ghusn, Nour El Ghazal, Joseph Klim, Tony Boutros, Abdulrahman Alomar, Omar Ghanem, Simon Laplante

Abstract readMulticenter StudyComparative Study
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Article in Obesity surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Wissam GhusnMayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.
Nour El GhazalMayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.
Joseph KlimMayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.
Tony BoutrosMayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.
Abdulrahman AlomarMayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.
Omar GhanemMayo Clinic, Rochester, USA.
Simon LaplanteMayo Clinic, Rochester, USA. Laplante.Simon@mayo.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObesity is a major driver of cancer incidence and mortality through insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, adipokine dysregulation, and hormonal pathways. While metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is known to reduce weight and improve metabolic dysfunction, its impact on incident malignancy compared with structured non-surgical management remains incompletely defined.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX federated electronic health record network. Adults aged ≥ 18 years with BMI ≥ 35 kg/m² and no prior malignancy were included. Patients undergoing MBS were compared with individuals receiving structured dietary counseling without prior MBS. Propensity score matching incorporated demographic factors, cardiometabolic comorbidities, liver disease, tobacco and alcohol use, hormone exposure, immunosuppressive therapy, and cancer screening encounters. Primary outcomes were incident obesity-related malignancies. Secondary outcomes included non-obesity-related cancers, solid tumors, and hematologic malignancies. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) over 5 years of follow-up.

resultsAfter matching, cohorts were well balanced. Obesity-related malignancies occurred in 1.0% of MBS patients versus 1.2% of diet counseling patients (HR 0.775, 95%CI 0.708, 0.847). Significant reductions were observed for breast, colorectal, endometrial, pancreatic, and liver cancers. Non-obesity-related malignancies occurred in 1.7% versus 1.9% (HR 0.784, 0.732-0.841), with lower lung cancer risk (HR 0.498, 0.377-0.657). Overall solid tumor incidence was 2.2% versus 2.5% (HR 0.801, 0.754, 0.851). Hematologic malignancies occurred in 0.26% versus 0.28% (HR 0.824, 0.689-0.984).

conclusionsIn a rigorously matched contemporary cohort, MBS was associated with reduced risk of obesity-related, non-obesity-related, solid, and hematologic malignancies compared with structured dietary counseling.

Indexed as

Bariatric SurgeryCounselingNeoplasmsObesity, MorbidAdultFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScoreRetrospective StudiesRisk Factors

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.