ArticleBMC geriatrics2026
Association between geriatric malnutrition and the risk of dementia: a retrospective cross-sectional cohort study in Uganda.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundLimited data exist from low-income settings on the association between unintentional geriatric malnutrition and the risk of dementia. Our study investigated this association and stratified risk factors in geriatric cohort from Uganda.
methodThis multicentre retrospective cross-sectional cohort study enrolled geriatric patients from specialist care hospital in one Public and two private facilities in Kampala. Nutritional status was stratified as malnourished or well-nourished. The primary outcome was dementia. Logistic regression evaluated the association between malnutrition and dementia. Separate models explored dementia risk factors within each nutritional subgroup.
resultsOverall, 210 participants(mean age 75.72 ± 7.93yrs) were recruited. The prevalence of malnutrition was 25%, with 30 of 129 females (23.3%) and 23 of 81 males(28.4%) being affected. Among malnourished participants, 37(29.1%) had a caregiver. Malnutrition was significantly associated with dementia(adjusted odds ratio[OR], 2.57; 95% CI, 1.01-6.55; P = 0.048). Stratified analysis revealed divergent risk profiles. Among malnourished patients, history of cardiovascular disease(CVD) was associated with dementia(odds ratio[OR], 5.80; 95% CI, 1.25-16.90; β = + 1.76; P = 0.025). Among well-nourished patients, only increasing age was independently associated with dementia(OR, 1.07 per year; 95% CI, 1.01-1.14; β = + 0.07; P = 0.016).
conclusionsIn this study, unintentional malnutrition was associated with dementia. Among malnourished individuals, CVD was the major associated factor, whereas age was the major factor among well-nourished participants. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and determine whether improving nutritional status may prevent or slow dementia progression.
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