Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42250078›Full record

ArticleAdvances in therapy2026

Comparative Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 Versus Protein-Based NVX-CoV2705 Vaccination on COVID-19-Related Outcomes Among Insured Adults in the United States During 2024-2025: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study.

Amanda Wilson, Ekkehard Beck, Heather Hensler, Nevena Vicic, Keya Joshi, Emily Patry, Linwei Li, Jane Wang, Chris Clarke

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Advances in therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Amanda WilsonModerna, Inc., 325 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA. Amanda.Wilson@modernatx.com.
Ekkehard BeckModerna, Inc., 325 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Heather HenslerModerna, Inc., 325 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Nevena VicicModerna, Inc., 325 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Keya JoshiModerna, Inc., 325 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Emily PatryModerna, Inc., 325 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Linwei LiModerna, Inc., 325 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Jane WangModerna, Inc., 325 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
Chris ClarkeModerna, Inc., 325 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCOVID-19 vaccination with updated compositions remains important as SARS-CoV-2 continues to circulate, cause disease, and evolve. Available COVID-19 vaccines in the 2024-2025 season differed by platform, including mRNA-1273, an mRNA-based vaccine, and NVX-CoV2705, a recombinant protein-based vaccine and antigen composition (KP.2-targeted and JN.1-targeted, respectively). Limited real-world evidence exists comparing effectiveness in preventing severe COVID-19 outcomes. We compared mRNA-1273 with protein-based NVX-CoV2705 in insured US adults vaccinated during the 2024-2025 season.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective matched cohort study in a large US claims database. Adults aged 18 years or older who received mRNA-1273 ("exposed") or NVX-CoV2705 ("reference") between August 31, 2024 and February 28, 2025 were eligible. Recipients were matched 2:1 on key demographic and clinical factors and then weighted with stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights. Outcomes were medically attended COVID-19 and hospitalization with COVID-19 from day 7 after vaccination through up to 180 days of follow-up. We calculated comparative vaccine effectiveness (cVE) as 100 × (1 - hazard ratio).

resultsOf 1,156,441 mRNA-1273 recipients and 45,384 NVX-CoV2705 recipients, 69,140 and 34,570, respectively, entered the matched cohort. Median (Q1, Q3) follow-up was 180 (163, 180) days for mRNA-1273 and 180 (162, 180) for NVX-CoV2705. Medically attended COVID-19 occurred in 706 (1.02%) mRNA-1273 recipients and 512 (1.48%) NVX-CoV2705 recipients; adjusted cVE (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 31.7% (23.4%, 39.1%). Hospitalization with COVID-19 occurred in 61 (0.09%) and 49 (0.14%) recipients, respectively; adjusted cVE (95% CI) was 40.7% (13.5%, 59.4%). In the 47,754 mRNA-1273 recipients matched to 23,877 NVX-CoV2705 recipients aged ≥ 65, adjusted cVE (95% CI) was 25.7% (15.4%, 34.8%) against medically attended COVID-19 and 41.7% (14.3%, 60.4%) against hospitalization with COVID-19.

conclusionIn this insured US adult population, mRNA-1273 demonstrated greater effectiveness against medically attended COVID-19 and hospitalization with COVID-19 than the protein-based NVX-CoV2705. These findings highlight the potential public-health importance of considering vaccine platform and variant selection when planning for upcoming seasons.

Indexed as

2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesVaccine EfficacyAdultAgedFemaleHospitalizationHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2United StatesYoung Adult2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273COVID-19 VaccinesComparative vaccine effectivenessCOVID-19mRNA-1273NVX-CoV2705

Identifiers

PMID42250078
PMCPMC13499853

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.