Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42251613›Full record

ArticleDiscover oncology2026

Role of CSF interleukin-6 in the prognosis of patients with Leptomeningeal metastases of glioblastoma.

Meng Zhang, Wenting Xie, Shoubo Yang, Zhuang Kang, Bo Jiang, Feng Chen, Wenbin Li, Xun Kang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Discover oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Meng ZhangDepartment of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, China.
Wenting XieDepartment of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, China.
Shoubo YangDepartment of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, China.
Zhuang KangDepartment of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, China.
Bo JiangDepartment of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, China.
Feng ChenDepartment of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, China.
Wenbin LiDepartment of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, China. liwenbin@ccmu.edu.cn.
Xun KangDepartment of Neuro-oncology, Cancer Center, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, China. kangx1987@sina.com.

Funding

Talent Introduction Fund of Beijing Tiantan Hospital RCYJ-2020-2025-LWB
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo explore the correlation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood cytokines and survival in patients with Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) of glioblastoma.

methodsThe study retrospectively included 35 patients with glioblastoma LM diagnosed from September 2022 to August 2024 at Beijing Tiantan Hospital. CSF and peripheral blood cytokines were collected from patients and associated with other characteristics with overall survival (OS) using univariate and multivariate analyses. The optimal cutoff values for cytokines were derived using the surv_cutpoint function in the R software.

resultsThe median OS for LM patients was 11.8 months (95% confidence intervals (CI) 6.1-17.5 months). After univariate and multivariate analyses, CSF IL-6 (95% CI 0.072-0.683; P = 0.009) and Karnofsky Physical Status (KPS) (95% CI, 0.136-0.876; P = 0.025) remained significantly associated with OS. We further combined CSF interleukin-6 (IL-6) with KPS to construct nomogram to predict survival and demonstrated good predictive performance.

conclusionBoth CSF IL-6 and KPS are meaningful prognostic biomarkers for patients with LM from glioblastoma.

Indexed as

CytokinesGlioblastomaLeptomeningeal spreadPrognosis

Identifiers

PMID42251613
PMCPMC13319552

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.