ArticleFrontiers in psychiatry2026
Joint trajectories of objective physical function and cognition and risk of incident dementia: a population-based cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to identify joint longitudinal trajectories of physio-cognitive aging, determine the temporal precedence between physical and cognitive decline, and evaluate both the mediating role of life space constriction and the moderating effect of sensory impairment on incident dementia risk. Methods: Using 8-year longitudinal data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), we applied Parallel-Process Latent Class Growth Analysis (LCGA) to identify joint functional trajectories. Stratified Cross-Lagged Panel Models (CLPM) and survey-weighted survival mediation analyses were used to determine directionality and mechanistic pathways. Results: Among 6,175 older adults (representing 35.4 million individuals), we identified four phenotypes, including "Dual Rapid Decliners" (10%) who faced a nearly five-fold increased risk of incident dementia (HR = 4.85). CLPM revealed that physical decline significantly predicted subsequent cognitive decline, while the reverse path was weak and non-significant. This effect was significantly mediated by life space constriction (16.8%) and exacerbated by concurrent vision impairment. Incorporating physical metrics significantly improved exploratory diagnostic modeling (NRI = 0.125). Conclusions: Objective physical decline serves as an early, independent prodromal marker for dementia. Maintaining physical mobility and correcting sensory deficits are vital strategies to preserve cognitive health.
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