ArticleJournal of family medicine and primary care2026
Global, regional, and national burden of tobacco-attributable stroke (1990-2021) with projections to 2030: Systematic analysis of the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study.
Article in Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to measure the global, regional, and national burden of tobacco-attributable stroke based on the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and project future trends up to 2030. Methods: The 2021 GBD study was utilized to assess the global, regional, and national deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of tobacco-attributable stroke. Measures were stratified by sex, region, country, age, and sociodemographic index (SDI). Global burden was projected to 2030 using autoregressive integrated moving average models. Results: In 2021, tobacco-attributable stroke caused 1,077,805 (95% uncertainty interval(UI): 865,541-1,320,754)deaths and 28,531,039 (95% UI: 23,461,345-34,072,552) DALYs globally. Its age-standardized death (12.65, 95% UI: 10.09-15.55) and DALYs (328.94, 95% UI: 270.32-393.11) rates per 100,000 population were 46.35% and 46.36% lower than 1990 levels, respectively. East Asia (25.2/100,000) and Southeast Asia (638.38/100,000) had the highest regional death and DALYs rates, while Kiribati recorded the highest national rates (48.17, 95% UI: 35.73-62.23; 1467.67, 95% UI: 1,108.11-1,894.48/100,000). The 90-94 age group had the highest death rate (402.92, 95% UI: 272.51-550.16/100,000) and the 85-89 group the highest DALYs rate (2,075.00, 95% UI: 1,411.86-2,831.91/100,000). Middle SDI regions bore heavy burdens; 2030 projections show 24.44% and 24.25% reductions in age-standardized death and DALYs rates, respectively. Conclusion: Despite declining deaths and DALYs, the increasing absolute injury burden necessitates intensified prevention efforts. Targeted interventions are crucial to address persistent geographic, demographic (especially males), and socioeconomic (low SDI regions) disparities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.