Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42260010›Full record

ArticleGeroScience2026

Health insurance, healthcare access, and their roles in the association between blood lead levels and epigenetic aging in United States adults.

Jamaji C Nwanaji-Enwerem, Dennis Khodasevich, Nicole Gladish, Hanyang Shen, Anne K Bozack, Saher Daredia, David H Rehkopf, Andres Cardenas

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in GeroScience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jamaji C Nwanaji-EnweremDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Center for Health Justice, Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. nwanajij@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0356-4867
Dennis KhodasevichDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Nicole GladishDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Hanyang ShenDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Anne K BozackDivision of Epidemiology, Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Saher DarediaDivision of Epidemiology, UC Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA.
David H RehkopfDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Andres CardenasDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.

Funding

Race/Ethnicity, DNA Methylation, and Disparities in Cardiovascular Mortality: NHANES 1999-2002R01MD011721 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI NEEDHAM, BELINDA L., REHKOPF, DAVID H · 2017 to 2021
$3.1M
PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL MIXTURES: NEURODEVELOPMENT AND DNA METHYLATION BIOMARKERSR01ES031259 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI CARDENAS, ANDRES · 2020 to 2024
$1.9M
NIH HHS R01ES031259NIH HHS R01MD011721
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lead exposure remains a significant public health problem, and even within current standards, most individuals have limited means to avoid it. Regulating or removing toxic exposures remains a priority, but complementary nearer-term protections are needed. We previously observed that health insurance coverage attenuated associations of blood lead levels with two DNA methylation-based biomarkers of morbidity and mortality: GrimAge2 and DunedinPoAm. In this study, we evaluated whether healthcare access could account for or modify these relationships. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 2,312 adults aged 50-84 years from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Survey-weighted generalized linear models were used to test effect modification of the lead-epigenetic aging relationship by health insurance and by healthcare access, defined as having a routine place of healthcare. In models adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and health factors, insurance significantly modified associations of lead with epigenetic age. Although model estimates remained comparable, interactions were no longer statistically significant after healthcare access was added as a covariate for GrimAge2 (β

Indexed as

DNA methylation ageDunedinPoAmEDCsGrimAgeNHANES

Identifiers

PMID42260010

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.