ArticleMedicine2026
Association between triglyceride-glucose index-related indices and gallstone disease in US adults: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES.
Article in Medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and its obesity-related derivatives-TyG-body mass index, TyG-waist circumference, TyG-waist-to-height ratio (TyG-WHtR), and TyG-a body shape index (TyG-ABSI)-are emerging surrogates of insulin resistance. Their relationships with gallstone disease in the general population remain unclear. We investigated the associations between TyG-related indices and gallstone disease and compared their discriminatory performance. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 6551 adults from the 2017 to 2023 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Gallstone disease was defined as a self-reported diagnosis by a physician or other health professional. TyG and its 4 derivatives were calculated from fasting triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, and anthropometric measures. Survey-weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for gallstone disease, with stepwise adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and cardiometabolic covariates. Restricted cubic splines evaluated potential nonlinear dose-response relationships, and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess predictive performance. The weighted prevalence of gallstone disease was 10.8% (709/6551). All TyG-related indices were significantly higher in participants with gallstones than in those without (all P < .001). In fully adjusted models, each 1-unit increase in TyG, TyG-WHtR, and TyG-ABSI was associated with 40%, 58%, and 21% higher odds of gallstone disease, respectively (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.40 [1.15, 1.70], 1.58 [1.41, 1.78], and 1.21 [1.02, 1.44]). Quartile analyses showed clear dose-response patterns for all 5 indices. Receiver operating characteristic analyses indicated that TyG-WHtR had the greatest discriminative ability (area under the curve 0.672), followed by TyG-body mass index (0.649) and TyG-waist circumference (0.643), whereas TyG and TyG-ABSI demonstrated lower area under the curves (~0.59-0.60). Higher levels of the TyG index and its derived measures are independently associated with gallstone disease in US adults. Among these markers, TyG-WHtR shows the best, though modest, performance for identifying individuals at higher gallstone risk.
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