ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2026
Development and internal validation of a prediction model for sleep apnea syndrome treated with continuous positive airway pressure based on claims and health checkup data linked to personal health records.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeTo develop and validate a prediction model for sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the general population.
methodsUsing claims and health checkup data held by JMDC Inc. linked to personal health records (Pep Up), we developed and internally validated a prediction model for SAS treated with CPAP, defined as a SAS diagnosis and reimbursement records of CPAP. Every 3 months from January 1, 2022 to July 1, 2024 (11 timepoints), we identified eligible individuals with available data both 1 year before and after that timepoint to define the presence/absence of SAS treated with CPAP, along with 279 predictor variables. We developed a LightGBM model for the training and tuning datasets and evaluated its performance on the validation dataset.
resultsOverall, 18,692,873 observations (mean age: 44.8 ± 11.3 years; female, 37.5%) were obtained from 1,858,566 individuals; of these observations, 300,868 observations (1.6%) were found to have SAS treated with CPAP. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.898 (95% confidence interval 0.895-0.901). The positive predictive values among observations in the top 1% and 10% of predicted risk were 28.3% and 10.3%, respectively. According to the SHapley Additive exPlanations plots, male sex was the most important predictor, followed by age, body mass index, and waist circumference. Moreover, personal health records significantly improved the predictive performance.
conclusionWe developed a prediction model to identify individuals at high risk of SAS treated with CPAP and encourage them to undergo polysomnography or related tests.
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