ArticleAmerican journal of cancer research2026
Impact of axillary management approaches on postoperative complication rates in breast cancer and exploration of targeted prevention strategies.
Article in American journal of cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to systematically identify axillary complication phenotypes after breast cancer surgery, characterize their evolutionary trajectories, and clarify how surgical approaches affect long-term complications. A total of 470 breast cancer patients (2020-2024) were retrospectively divided into SLNB (n = 192) and ALND (n = 278) groups. K-means clustering, multivariate logistic regression, mediation analysis, and multi-state models were used. Low-risk (SLNB-dominant, 42.13%), pain-dominant (ALND-related type, 26.17%), severe lymphedema (ALND-related type, 13.62%), and moderate-severe comorbidity (ALND-related type, 18.09%). ALND was the strongest predictor of the high-risk comorbidity phenotype (adjusted OR = 8.32, P < 0.001). Prolonged drainage mediated 35% of ALND's effect on lymphedema (P < 0.001). ALND increased chronic complication transition 5.2-fold and reduced recovery probability (P < 0.001). In conclusion, ALND is closely associated with high-risk axillary complication phenotypes, directly and indirectly (via prolonged drainage) elevating complication risk, altering their evolution and reducing recovery. Findings support phenotype-based individualized management and rational axillary lymph node management selection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.