MITF maintains genome stability in nonmelanocyte lineages.

Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is crucial for development and survival of melanocytes and serves as a lineage-specific oncogene that is amplified in 10-20% of melanomas. The role of MITF in pathways maintaining genome integrity, such as DNA replication, DNA repair, and mitosis has been extensively studied in melanocytes. In addition to its pro-survival role in melanoma, recent studies have shown that MITF expression has important implications for cancer progression and treatment in other cancer types. Nevertheless, studies on the role of MITF in other tissues are scarce. Here, we show that depletion of MITF causes genome instability in nonmelanocytic cell lineages, which results in activation of P53, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Moreover, we show that P53 activation in MITF-depleted cells is dependent on LATS2, a kinase with an established role in the Hippo pathway. Finally, we show that LATS2 mediated upregulation of P53 is ATR-dependent. Collectively, this study highlights the role of MITF as a genome maintenance factor beyond the melanocyte lineage, which might contribute to the tumor suppressive function of MITF.