Observational studyThe American journal of clinical nutrition2026
Circulating palmitoleic acid is associated with cerebral glucose metabolism in healthy middle-aged individuals: results from the Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis prospective cohort study.
Observational study in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01410318 (Early Detection and Progression of Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Its Relationship to Coronary Risk Factors), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Early Detection and Progression of Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Its Relationship to Coronary Risk Factors
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15 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundExcess energy intake upregulates de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Circulating palmitoleic acid (POA) is an objective DNL biomarker associated with higher cardiovascular risk, which has been linked to cerebral hypometabolism. Whether POA also relates to altered cerebral glucose metabolism in midlife remains unknown.
objectivesThis study aimed to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between circulating POA (predictor) and cerebral glucose hypometabolism (outcome), a neuroimaging marker linked to increased risk of subsequent cognitive decline.
methodsWe studied 461 middle-aged [median age, 51 (47-54) y] individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis from the Progression of Early Subclinical Atherosclerosis (PESA) study, a longitudinal observational cohort of asymptomatic individuals (NCT01410318). Red blood cell (RBC) POA was quantified by gas chromatography in blood samples collected at 2 visits of PESA participants who had undergone longitudinal cerebral
resultsCross-sectionally, higher RBC POA was associated with widespread lower FDG uptake across the brain [β = -0.119 (95% confidence interval: -0.206, -0.032), P = 0.007], even after adjusting for cardiovascular risk. Longitudinally, participants with sustained high RBC POA exhibited a 65% greater decline in cerebral FDG uptake compared with those with sustained low POA [β = -0.403 (-0.744, -0.063), P = 0.021], particularly in frontal and parietal regions. RBC POA proportions were higher among individuals adhering to the predefined "Social-Business" dietary pattern and were significantly associated with increased alcohol intake. Furthermore, the association between alcohol intake and subsequent precuneus hypometabolism was partially mediated by RBC POA proportions.
conclusionsRBC POA, a marker of DNL, is associated with cerebral glucose hypometabolism, supporting that healthy dietary habits in midlife are key to preserving brain health. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01410318.
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