ArticlePsycho-oncology2026
Demoralization and Associated Factors in Palliative Oncology Outpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Psycho-oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Demoralization and Associated Factors in Palliative Oncology Outpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Psycho-oncology · 2026Article
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13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDemoralization is common in palliative psycho-oncology settings. Although its relationship with other psycho-existential conditions has been scrutinized, its co-occurrence with adjustment disorder, as measured by the Adjustment Disorder New Module-20 (ADNM-20), remains unexamined.
aimEstimate frequency and co-occurrence of demoralization and adjustment disorder symptom domains among palliative outpatients and examine sociodemographic and psycho-existential factors.
methodsA single-site, cross-sectional survey at an academic cancer center used self-reported web-based screening questionnaires. Analyses included descriptive statistics, association tests, and hierarchical logistic regression models.
resultsModerate-to-severe demoralization symptoms occurred in 43.3% (90% CI: 36.9-49.7) of the 164 outpatients. Among these, co-occurrence with high-risk adjustment disorder symptoms reached 77.6% (90% CI: 69.5-85.8) versus 54.9% (90% CI: 45.2-64.6) for moderate-to-severe depression symptoms (p < 0.001). High-risk adjustment disorder was also frequent (44.1%, 90% CI: 34.4-53.8.3) and, along with moderate-to-severe depression (OR 7.23 and 8.67, p < 0.01), was independently associated with moderate-to-severe demoralization.
conclusionsApproximately half of oncology outpatients screened positive for demoralization or adjustment disorder, with substantial co-occurrence reflecting their conceptually defined shared disruption of adaptive capacities. Demoralization demonstrates incomplete overlap at the symptom-domain level and appears to capture a distinct existential dimension of distress. This pattern supports consideration of routine screening and further empirical evaluation of its potential diagnostic positioning. Clinician-administered longitudinal studies incorporating item-level analyses are warranted to clarify temporal relationships, refine discriminant validity, and further evaluate demoralization as a distinct diagnostic entity. Such work may enhance recognition of existential suffering and inform targeted integrative interventions.
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