ReviewTouchREVIEWS in endocrinology2026
Efficacy and Safety of Oral Semaglutide in the Management of Diabetes and Obesity: A Comprehensive Meta-analysis of Real-world Evidence.
Review in TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Oral semaglutide is the only oral glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes (T2D) management. Although its efficacy and safety are established from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), real-world evidence (RWE) may differ. No comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis (SRM) has holistically analysed the RWE on oral semaglutide. This SRM analysed the RWE outcomes of oral semaglutide. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for real-world studies reporting outcomes in adults with T2D receiving oral semaglutide. Primary outcomes were changes in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at 6 and 12 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in body mass index, blood pressure, lipids and adverse events (AEs). Subgroup analyses compared outcomes between Asian and non-Asian cohorts. Results: A total of 59 studies (24,859 individuals) were analysed. The pooled mean HbA1c reduction was -1.11% (95% confidence interval: -1.37 to -0.86; I²=98.8%) at 6 months and -1.19% at 12 months, with 54.7% achieving HbA1c <7%. Weight reduction averaged -4.38 kg at 6 months and -5.96 kg at 12 months. Significant improvements were observed in cardiometabolic parameters. The pooled prevalence of total AEs, gastrointestinal AEs, nausea, diarrhoea and hypoglycaemia was 28.9%, 20.5%, 12.5%, 5.9% and 2.2%, respectively. Discontinuation and dose reduction due to AEs occurred in 8.7% and 4.2% of patients, respectively. Efficacy and safety outcomes were consistent across regions (p for subgroup >0.05). Conclusion: Oral semaglutide demonstrates robust real-world efficacy and safety in T2D and obesity management, similar to RCTs, consistent across Asian and non-Asian populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.