Evidence mapPaperPMID 42273405Full record

ArticlePNAS nexus2026

Combinatorial analysis of clinical and genomic data used to assess the association between SARS-CoV-2 mutations and disease severity.

Saori Ishiwatari, Kousuke Tanimoto, Yukie Tanaka, Chihiro Tani-Sassa, Yuta Takahashi, Kazunari Sonobe, Shuji Tohda, Sayaka Sukegawa, Akinori Kimura, Yoshiaki Gu and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PNAS nexus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Saori IshiwatariDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Kousuke TanimotoDepartment of High-risk Infectious Disease Control, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0826-2940
Yukie TanakaDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8349-0900
Chihiro Tani-SassaClinical Laboratory, Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Yuta TakahashiClinical Laboratory, Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Kazunari SonobeClinical Laboratory, Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Shuji TohdaClinical Laboratory, Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2642-5459
Sayaka SukegawaDepartment of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Akinori KimuraInstitute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-2132
Yoshiaki GuCenter for Infectious Disease Education and Analysis (TCIDEA), Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2509-1052
Hiroaki TakeuchiDepartment of High-risk Infectious Disease Control, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5689-9858

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in late 2019 and caused the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, has undergone genomic evolution, yielding variants of concern which include the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants. Since the virus continues to mutate, we designed this study to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 mutations on severity; using PLINK2 software, we analyzed genomic and clinical data from 310 hospitalized patients at the Institute of Science Tokyo Hospital. The analysis identified 64 statistically significant severity-associated mutations. Although the Omicron variants are generally associated with less severe symptoms than the Delta variants, our approach identified statistically significant Omicron variant-specific mutations that were associated with severe disease, as well as additional mutations for which the odds ratios and 95% CIs indicated a consistent trend. Our retrospective analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomic and clinical information may help clarify the biological significance of mutations.

Identifiers

PMID42273405
PMCPMC13249126

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.