Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42275577›Full record

ArticleHepatology communications2026

The incidence, frequency of late liver-related complications, and transplant likelihood in pediatric acute liver failure in Californian children.

Jason T C Lee, Arianna Barbetta, Johanna Ascher Bartlett, Sarah Bangerth, Shannon Jordan, Mary Lo, Sarah Barhouma, Laura Houshmand, Linda Sher, Rohit Kohli and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Hepatology communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jason T C LeeDivision of Abdominal Organ Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8681-8257
Arianna BarbettaDivision of Abdominal Organ Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7062-3236
Johanna Ascher BartlettDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5182-1413
Sarah BangerthDivision of Abdominal Organ Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7952-0679
Shannon JordanDivision of Abdominal Organ Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Mary LoDepartment of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Sarah BarhoumaDivision of Abdominal Organ Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0009-0006-2334-3454
Laura HoushmandDivision of Abdominal Organ Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-5877-6389
Linda SherDivision of Abdominal Organ Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1894-2018
Rohit KohliDivision of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0198-7703
Kambiz EtesamiDivision of Abdominal Organ Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3352-5076
Juliet EmamaulleeDivision of Abdominal Organ Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4238-3057

Funding

Immunologic Biomarkers of Rejection in Clinical Liver TransplantationK08CA245220 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI EMAMAULLEE, JULIET · 2020 to 2024
$1.3M
NCI NIH HHS K08 CA245220
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEarly studies of pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) estimate that 60%-70% of patients survive with their native liver (SNL), 20%-25% require an emergent liver transplant (LT), and 10%-15% are mortalities. These studies were largely limited to academic centers and focused on short-term outcomes.

methodsHerein, we analyzed California Department of Healthcare Access and Information data, which is demographically representative of the US population. Between June 1990 and December 2018, 2270 children were admitted to California hospitals with PALF.

resultsThe overall incidence of PALF was 16.75 per 100,000 live births, with no evidence of seasonality. LT was performed in 188 (8.3%) patients and 425 (18.7%) patients died. Mortality was associated with contraindications to transplant, such as concomitant hematologic malignancy or cardiac disease. With a median follow-up of 4.5 years, nearly all deaths occurred within 4 months of presentation, with no long-term liver-related comorbidities in patients with SNL. Implementation of pediatric end-stage liver disease/MELD-based organ allocation in 2002 resulted in a more than 2-fold increase in the likelihood of LT in children <10 years (subdistribution hazard ratio: 3.35). Patients receiving care at transplant centers after this change were younger (10 vs. 12 y), more often from urban areas (98.2% vs. 94%), and more likely to receive LT for metabolic, genetic, or "other" causes of PALF (up to subdistribution hazard ratio 6.4 [1.84-22.26], p<0.01). While mortality was higher at transplant centers (26.5% vs. 14.6%), the time to mortality was also increased (31 vs. 7 d), likely reflecting disease complexity requiring management in a specialized children's hospital.

conclusionIn conclusion, this study supports an estimate of incidence and long-term outcomes of PALF across a large population and highlights the role of specialized pediatric transplant centers for the optimized care of PALF.

Indexed as

Liver Failure, AcuteLiver TransplantationAdolescentCaliforniaChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMaleepidemiologyPALFpediatric liver transplantationposttransplant outcomes

Identifiers

PMID42275577
PMCPMC13263103

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.