Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42275627›Full record

ArticleJMIR human factors2026

The Role of Rating Valence in AI Skin Cancer App Acceptance: Eye-Tracking and Questionnaire Study.

Inga Jagemann, Sabrina Hegner, Gerrit Hirschfeld

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR human factors, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Inga JagemannSchool of Business, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Bielefeld, Interaktion 1, Bielefeld, 33619, Germany, 49 521106 70508.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3468-3423
Sabrina HegnerSchool of International Business, City University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Bremen, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4901-3657
Gerrit HirschfeldSchool of Business, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Bielefeld, Interaktion 1, Bielefeld, 33619, Germany, 49 521106 70508.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2143-4564

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Artificial intelligence-based skin cancer screening apps (AISCSAs) offer diagnostic potential but face limited adoption. App store cues, such as ratings, may influence acceptance; yet, little is known about how users cognitively process app store information in high-stakes health contexts. To address this gap, eye-tracking was used to measure visual attention while participants evaluated a mock AISCSA app store listing. Objective: This study aimed to test whether a single negative rating captures visual attention and whether an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) can predict behavioral intention to use (BI) AISCSAs. Methods: Participants (N=76) evaluated a mock app store listing for an AISCSA under positive (n=42) or negative (n=34) rating conditions while their eye movements were recorded. Analyses combined fixation durations in defined areas of interest (AOIs) with self-reported measures of perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), trust, BI, willingness to pay, and the self-rated importance of app attributes. Results: Normalized fixation durations (seconds per square pixel) revealed the highest attention to the description (0.166 s/px2), followed by the reviews (0.11 s/px2) and the ratings (0.04 s/px2), while the price and the data protection received the least attention. Of the 5 self-rated app attributes, only reviews correlated positively with fixation durations on the reviews-AOI (r=0.28; P=.01). Rating valence had no significant effect on gaze patterns, PU, PEOU, trust, BI, or willingness to pay (all Ps>.05). However, PEOU (P=.001), PU (P<.001), and trust (P<.001) were significantly correlated with BI. Conclusions: Although the expected attentional capture effect of the negative rating was not observed, the weak or nonexistent associations between fixation durations on the AOIs and the self-rated importance of app attributes suggest that eye-tracking captures aspects of information processing that are not directly reflected in self-reported evaluations. These findings indicate that eye-tracking provides a more direct approximation of actual user behavior by revealing implicit attentional processes beyond what is captured by questionnaires. While the technology acceptance model constructs and trust predicted BI, rating valence alone did not affect acceptance or gaze behavior. In high-stakes health contexts, textual information may outweigh rating valence in driving adoption. Future research should explore conditions under which rating valence matters, including more extreme rating contrasts, variations in accompanying review texts, and the influence of individual differences such as preexisting attitudes toward artificial intelligence and levels of artificial intelligence literacy.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceMobile ApplicationsPatient Acceptance of Health CareSkin NeoplasmsAdultEye-Tracking TechnologyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesAIartificial intelligenceeye-trackingmHealthmobile healthskin cancer screeningTAMtechnology acceptance model

Identifiers

PMID42275627
PMCPMC13258064

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.