ArticleBMJ open2026
Effectiveness of suprapubic temperature stimulation for postoperative urinary retention: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
Article in BMJ open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPostoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common perioperative complication that can cause delayed mobilisation and discharge, and increase the need for catheterisation. Suprapubic temperature stimulation is a simple bedside, nurse-led approach but its effectiveness and safety have not been synthesised in a focused review. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will systematically search PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science and CENTRAL from inception to the final search date, without language or date restrictions and will also screen trial registries and grey literature. We will include randomised controlled trials evaluating suprapubic temperature stimulation for prevention or treatment of POUR, compared with usual care, sham/no intervention or other non-thermal strategies. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data and assess risk of bias using RoB 2, with arbitration by a third reviewer. Where appropriate, we will pool effects using ORs for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences or standardised mean differences for continuous outcomes, each with 95% CIs. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the χ ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This review will be based on previously published studies; therefore, ethics approval is not required. Data searching will commence in June 2026 and is expected to be completed in January 2027. The findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal publication and academic conference presentations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD420261325021.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.