Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42278503›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Progression to Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Narrative Review on Timeline and Novel Prediction Factors.

Georgiana Eliza Murgu, Ioana Ruxandra Mihai, Ciprian Rezus, Maria Alexandra Burlui, Luana Andreea Macovei, Elena Rezus

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Georgiana Eliza MurguDepartment of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Ioana Ruxandra MihaiDepartment of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Ciprian RezusDepartment of Internal Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.ORCID 0000-0003-1155-7325
Maria Alexandra BurluiDepartment of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.ORCID 0000-0001-7361-4685
Luana Andreea MacoveiDepartment of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-4856-867X
Elena RezusDepartment of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-8175-2583

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Spondyloarthritis represents a group of chronic immune-mediated rheumatic diseases that manifest as peripheral or axial musculoskeletal involvement. In axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), the milestones of structural damage are represented by inflammation, followed by erosions in the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) and new bone formation. The purpose of this narrative review is to address the unmet needs regarding targeted risk stratification of disease progression in axSpA. While studies concerning predictive biomarkers have been conducted, their use in clinical practice has not yet been validated. Analysis of disease progression in patients recently diagnosed with non-radiographic axSpA, with fulfillment of the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society criteria, determined a mean time of structural changes progression of 2.4 years. While factors such as human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 and C-reactive protein are useful in classifying patients into risk categories regarding radiographic progression, novel biomarkers are needed in clinical practice to further facilitate treatment strategy selection. Choosing biomarkers to analyze the potential of both spinal and SIJ radiographic progression is useful in monitoring patients and reducing the burden of disease. Fetuin-A, sclerostin, and autoantibodies against Cluster of Differentiation 74 (anti-CD74) were associated with SIJ changes in various studies. Regarding spinal structural damage, adipokines, particularly leptin and visfatin, have been extensively studied and have shown promising results. Dickkopf-1, a regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 have also presented associations with worsening modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score. The potential of each biomarker may be heightened by their use in prediction models with the purpose of implementation in clinical practice, particularly in improving patient outcomes and tailoring treatment strategies for individuals with spinal structural damage.

Indexed as

Axial SpondyloarthritisBiomarkersDisease ProgressionHLA-B27 AntigenHumansRadiographySacroiliac JointBiomarkersHLA-B27 Antigenaxial spondyloarthritisnovel biomarkersradiographic progressionstructural damage

Identifiers

PMID42278503
PMCPMC13256889

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.