Evidence mapPaperPMID 42278615Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Therapeutic Potential of Tetrandrine Compared to Temozolomide in Treating Glioblastoma Multiforme Under Normoxic and Hypoxic Conditions.

Mona A Khamis, Dalia Abdo, Fatma G Mohamed, Marwan Emara

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mona A KhamisCenter for Aging and Associated Diseases, Zewail City of Science, Technology and Innovation, Giza 12578, Egypt.ORCID 0009-0005-9332-864X
Dalia AbdoCenter for Aging and Associated Diseases, Zewail City of Science, Technology and Innovation, Giza 12578, Egypt.
Fatma G MohamedChemistry Department (Biochemistry Division), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-9135-3818
Marwan EmaraCenter for Aging and Associated Diseases, Zewail City of Science, Technology and Innovation, Giza 12578, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-9499-1655

Funding

Academy of Scientific Research and Technology 8th cycleScience and Technology Development Fund 22868
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor in adults. Necrosis, and by inference hypoxia, is a pathognomonic feature of GBM tumors, where hypoxia significantly contributes to chemoresistance, leading to local treatment failure and disease progression. Although temozolomide (TMZ) is the main treatment option, 60-75% of GBM patients do not benefit from it. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of Tetrandrine (TET) in combination with or compared to TMZ in treating GBM cells (M010b and U87) under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The therapeutic potential was assessed using qRT-PCR, MTT assay, combination index analysis, flow cytometry for apoptosis and cell cycle analysis, scratch assay, gelatin zymography, measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and molecular docking. Under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, TET showed significant cytotoxicity in both cell lines compared to TMZ. A synergistic effect was observed only under normoxia at 2× IC

Indexed as

BenzylisoquinolinesBrain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaTemozolomideAntineoplastic Agents, AlkylatingApoptosisCell HypoxiaCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationHumansMembrane Potential, MitochondrialReactive Oxygen SpeciesAntineoplastic Agents, AlkylatingBenzylisoquinolinesReactive Oxygen SpeciesTemozolomidetetrandrineglioblastoma multiformehypoxianormoxiatemozolomidetetrandrine

Identifiers

PMID42278615
PMCPMC13257383

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.