ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Analysis of the Spatiotemporal Digestion Characteristics of Pine Pollen Processed by Different Methods in Middle-Aged Adults Using an In Vitro Digestion Model System.
Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
This study utilized a proprietary dynamic biomimetic digestion reactor to compare the differential behaviors of broken-wall pine pollen (PB), whole-wall pine pollen (WPB), and pine pollen wall extract (T) during simulated gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation in middle-aged individuals. Morphological changes were observed using scanning electron microscopy, and glucose release, enzyme activity, intestinal gas composition, and gut microbiota structure were dynamically monitored. The results indicate that cell wall disruption significantly accelerated structural breakdown, resulting in the highest glucose release, superoxide dismutase, and lipase activities during the gastric and small intestinal phases, as well as the highest activity of alkaline phosphatase and H
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