ArticlePlants (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Spirulina-Derived Carbon Dots Promote Context-Dependent Effects on Rice Metabolism, Yield, and Grain Quality Under Non-Stress and Heat Stress Conditions.
Article in Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as promising nanobioinputs capable of modulating plant metabolism and stress responses. However, their effectiveness under field conditions remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the effects of Spirulina-derived carbon dots (S-CDs) on rice metabolic, agronomic, and grain-quality responses under non-stress and heat stress conditions. Two independent field experiments were conducted under ambient and heat stress conditions, the latter imposed using temporary greenhouse structures during the reproductive stage. S-CDs were applied by foliar spraying (0.2 mg mL
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