Evidence mapPaperPMID 42281713Full record

ArticleCureus2026

Association Between Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist Use and Blood Pressure Levels in Nondiabetic Obese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

Moses C Odoeke, Steve Okwu, Ekapong Bassey, Akinyele Oladimeji, Thy-Will D Aboflah, Stella Adelola, Michael O Ewejobi, Nnaemeka H Ugwuchukwu, Daad G Alrowaili, Okelue E Okobi

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Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Moses C OdoekeInternal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, USA.
Steve OkwuCardiothoracic Surgery, Beacon Hospital, Dublin, IRL.
Ekapong BasseyGeneral Medicine, Igbinedion University Okada, Okada, NGA.
Akinyele OladimejiFamily Medicine, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, CAN.
Thy-Will D AboflahInternal Medicine, The Bank Hospital, Accra, GHA.
Stella AdelolaMedicine, International University of the Health Sciences, Basseterre, KNA.
Michael O EwejobiMedicine, International University of the Health Sciences, Basseterre, KNA.
Nnaemeka H UgwuchukwuOncology, Antrim Area Hospital, Antrim, GBR.
Daad G AlrowailiGenetics and Human Genetics, Howard University, Washington, D.C., USA.
Okelue E OkobiFamily Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital Palm Springs Campus, Hialeah, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and aim Obesity is strongly linked to elevated blood pressure and increased cardiovascular risk. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have gained attention for their role in weight management and potential cardiovascular benefits. Evidence in nondiabetic populations remains limited. The aim of this study was to descriptively evaluate the association between GLP-1 receptor agonist use and systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels among nondiabetic adults with obesity. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017 to March 2020 prepandemic cycle, selected to ensure use of the most recent complete data prior to disruptions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Adults aged 18 years or older with obesity were included, and individuals with self-reported diabetes were excluded. GLP-1 receptor agonist use was identified from prescription medication data, with a very small number of exposed participants in the analytic sample. Blood pressure was assessed using standardized examination measures. A complete-case approach was applied, whereby participants with missing data on any variables included in the analysis were excluded to ensure a consistent analytic sample. Analyses incorporated NHANES examination sample weights to produce nationally representative estimates and accounted for the complex survey design by including stratification and primary sampling units to ensure correct variance estimation. Descriptive statistics were used to compare characteristics by exposure. Results Lower systolic blood pressure was observed among GLP-1 users compared with nonusers (107.2 vs 122.1 mmHg), and diastolic blood pressure was also lower (74.4 vs 76.9 mmHg). The proportion of hypertension was lower among GLP-1 users, 5,814 (14.1%), compared with nonusers, 25,207,405 (36.5%). The extremely small number of exposed participants (n = 2) limited further statistical analysis and inference. Conclusions Lower blood pressure levels were observed among GLP-1 receptor agonist users compared with nonusers in this population. These findings are descriptive and reflect observed differences in blood pressure within the analytic sample, without implying a causal relationship. Further studies using datasets with greater representation of GLP-1 receptor agonist use in nondiabetic populations are needed to better characterize this relationship.

Indexed as

blood pressureglp-1 receptor agonisthypertensionnhanesnondiabetic adultsobesity

Identifiers

PMID42281713
PMCPMC13251654

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.