ArticleBioactive materials2026
Intravitreal delivery of NGF-chitosan hydrogel confers retinal ganglion cell protection and visual function recovery in experimental glaucoma.
Article in Bioactive materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness, and lowering intraocular pressure alone is insufficient to rescue lost retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) or restore visual function. In this study, we intravitreally injected a liquid chitosan gel loaded with nerve growth factor (NGF), previously developed by our group, into the vitreous body of rats with ocular hypertension-induced glaucoma. Using a combination of techniques--including multiplex immunofluorescence staining, TUNEL staining, CTB tracing, Western blotting, visual electrophysiology, and behavioral assessments--we demonstrated that, compared with the lesion control (LC) group, the NGF-chitosan hydrogel significantly enhanced RGC survival following glaucomatous injury (by approximately 27%), preserved dendritic architecture and long-distance axonal projections, and promoted recovery of visual function. Mechanistically, treatment with the NGF-chitosan hydrogel upregulated the expression of NGF and its high-affinity receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA), in the retina. In addition, it suppressed retinal glial activation and enhanced mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, collectively contributing to RGC protection and repair. Notably, we further observed activation of Nestin
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