SynthesisThe Pan African medical journal2026
Association of apolipoprotein E polymorphisms (E2, E3, E4) with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of case-control studies.
Synthesis in The Pan African medical journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounts for over 90% of all diabetes cases and results from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. However, the association between apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphisms and T2D risk shows considerable variation across different populations. This meta-analysis aims to clarify the association between APOE genotypes and alleles (E2E2, E2E3, E2E4, E3E4, E4E4) and the risk of T2D. Additionally, it examines the association of demographic, clinical, and biochemical parameters with T2D risk in cases and controls. Relevant articles providing genotypic and allelic frequencies of APOE polymorphisms were sourced from Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, and PubMed databases. These articles focus on peer-reviewed human case-control studies published in English until February 27, 2024. Data on APOE polymorphisms, biochemical, and clinical parameters were extracted. Statistical tests were performed using Review Manager 4.3.1 with results expressed using ORs and 95% CIs. Publication bias and heterogeneity were assessed using the Q test and Egger regression analysis. Thirty-two studies involving 19644 participants. The statistical analysis showed that BMI, SBP, DBP, TC, and LDL-C could potentially indicate a higher risk of T2D in cases compared to controls. Significant associations with T2D were found for the APOE E4E4 genotype (OR =1.94, 95% CI= [1.16, 3.23], P = 0.01, I
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