Evidence mapPaperPMID 42283146Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

What Is a Clinically Meaningful Change in Diabetes Distress? Findings for Diabetes Care and Research From the SFDT1 Cohort.

Dulce Canha, Jean-Pierre Riveline, Fatima Kazanlieva, Gloria A Aguayo, Charline Bour, Bruno Vergès, Pierre-Yves Benhamou, Michaël Joubert, Fawaz Alzaid, Emmanuel Cosson and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Dulce CanhaDeep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4763-1026
Jean-Pierre RivelineInstitut Necker Enfants Malades, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-0741
Fatima KazanlievaDeep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7865-8396
Gloria A AguayoDeep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5625-1664
Charline BourDeep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8537-2097
Bruno VergèsDepartment of Endocrinology-Diabetology, University Hospital, Dijon, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8957-629X
Pierre-Yves BenhamouUniversité Grenoble Alpes, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4378-0468
Michaël JoubertDiabetes Care Unit, Caen-University Hospital, Unicaen, Caen, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8731-7355
Fawaz AlzaidInstitut Necker Enfants Malades, IMMEDIAB Laboratory, Paris, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-3640
Emmanuel CossonDepartment of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Nutrition, AP-HP, Avicenne Hospital, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CRNH-IdF, Bobigny, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8785-3385
Guy FagherazziDeep Digital Phenotyping Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5033-5966

Funding

Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg PRIDE21/16749720
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsDiabetes distress (DD) is common and evolves heterogeneously over time. We aimed to estimate minimal clinically important differences (MCID) for the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale and its sub-dimensions and to identify predictors of worsening over 1 year in people with type 1 diabetes (PwT1D). MATERIALS AND

methodsMCIDs for PAID total and sub-dimension scores were derived using the standard error of measurement approach. One-year DD worsening, stability and improvement were defined using the ±1 MCID threshold. We analysed changes in DD using data from the SFDT1 cohort. Logistic regression models identified predictors of worsening for PAID total and sub-dimensions, adjusting for baseline DD, age, sex and social vulnerability.

resultsWe analysed data from 2457 adults with type 1 diabetes (51.6% female, 41.3 years old (SD 14.0), 23.7 years diabetes duration (SD 14.0)). The MCID for PAID total was 5.0 points, with sub-scale MCIDs ranging from 8.5 (emotional distress) to 14.3 points (management distress). Over 1 year, 42% experienced clinically meaningful worsening of total DD, 30% improved and 28% remained stable. Worsening of total PAID was associated with social vulnerability, HbA1c increase and treatment burden. Distress trajectories varied across sub-dimensions, with emotional distress and burnout most frequently worsening (34% each); initiation of automated insulin delivery was solely associated with lower odds of worsening on the burnout dimension.

conclusionsThis study provides MCID values for the PAID scale and its sub-dimensions. The high temporal variability observed suggests a need for regular monitoring and clinically informed assessment of DD in PwT1D.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Psychological DistressStress, PsychologicalAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle Agedcohort studyinsulin therapypatient reported outcomesreal‐world evidencetype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID42283146
PMCPMC13448882

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.