ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026
Operationalizing diffusion magnetic resonance imaging positivity for detection of vascular contributions to impairment and dementia.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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14 authors.
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Abstract
introductionWhite matter lesions on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (FLAIR-MRI) reflect small vessel disease (SVD) and aid in identifying vascular contributions to impairment and dementia (VCID). Emerging diffusion MRI (dMRI) biomarkers are sensitive to early SVD but the lack of validated approaches for defining dMRI abnormality has limited their clinical utility.
methodsIn 3934 participants (8749 observations) from a population-based sample, we classified 9% as vascular cognitive impairment versus not (VCI+/VCI-) using abnormal FLAIR-MRI and cognitive testing. We evaluated four distinct dMRI positivity criteria and assessed performance in an independent clinical sample.
resultsThe young referent criterion performed best and yielded an estimated prevalence of dMRI positivity aligned with pathology literature. About 40% of the population were dMRI positive, and these individuals had lower baseline cognition and faster longitudinal decline. Cutpoints were validated in an independent clinical sample. DISCUSSION: The proposed dMRI abnormality framework can detect VCID and aid in identification of individuals at risk of VCI.
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