ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2026
Subretinal Aspects of the Optoretinographic Response.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: Optoretinography (ORG) detects stimulus-evoked, nanometer-scale changes in the optical path length of photoreceptors, hypothesized to reflect osmotic water shifts into and out of the outer segments (OS), as well as electrostatic effects of opsin photoisomerization. The aim of this study was to measure parallel changes in the subretinal space (SRS), which may reflect changes in the SRS volume. The results of these experiments could affect interpretations of the photoreceptor ORG, which make testable hypotheses about the SRS volume. Moreover, because water movement in the outer retina is impeded in a number of diseases of the outer retina, this method could represent a novel biomarker of outer retinal health. Methods: A custom swept-source optical coherence tomography system (100 kHz, 1060 nm) was used to image the eyes of four healthy subjects. After dilation and dark adaptation, serial B-scans were acquired over 125 ms at 400 Hz, with a stimulus flash delivered after 40 ms. From the resulting series, relative phase velocities between layers were calculated for three compartments: OS, supracone space (SCS), and ciliary zone (CZ). Results: Light stimulation produced rapid, layer-specific responses. Following stimulation, the OS contracted briefly and then elongated, the SCS elongated and subsequently contracted, and the CZ exhibited a response similar to the OS but with lower amplitude. These responses were temporally coordinated across layers, suggesting coupled structural and fluid dynamics within the outer retina. Conclusions: Visible light induces rapid, reversible structural changes across multiple outer retinal layers, including the spaces surrounding the photoreceptor outer segments. Noninvasive measurement of these responses may improve understanding of the biophysical sources of the ORG signal and provide a probe of outer retinal functional integrity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.