Evidence mapPaperPMID 42287509Full record

ArticleIrish journal of medical science2026

The effects of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus on cognitive status, physical function, and fatigue in older adults: a case-control study.

Kevser Gürsan, Emre Cengi̇z, Elif Gür Kabul, Atilla Okan Kılıç, Merve Uçar Toros, Bora Toros

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Irish journal of medical science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kevser GürsanFaculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Usak University, Uşak, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0304-9913
Emre Cengi̇zFaculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Usak University, Uşak, Türkiye. emre.cengiz@usak.edu.tr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9224-6742
Elif Gür KabulFaculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Usak University, Uşak, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3209-1499
Atilla Okan KılıçDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Usak Training and Research Hospital, Usak, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8005-5084
Merve Uçar TorosDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Usak Training and Research Hospital, Usak, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-3464-0518
Bora TorosDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Usak Training and Research Hospital, Usak, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-700X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare the cognitive status, physical function, and fatigue levels of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), prediabetes, and healthy older adults.

methodsVolunteers aged 60 and over were included in the study. Participants divided into four groups according to hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels: healthy, prediabetes, controlled T2DM, and uncontrolled T2DM. Cognitive function, spatial ability, functional mobility with and without dual-task conditions, reaction time, fatigue, and biochemical parameters were evaluated.

resultsA total of 94 participants (53 female, 41 male, mean age:67.12±5.84 years) were included. Significant group differences were observed in attention and delayed recall subdomains and total Montreal Cognitive Assesment scores (p<0.05). Additionally, significant differences were found in functional mobility, dual-task performance, foot reaction time, and fatigue levels (all p<0.05). Older adults with uncontrolled T2DM showed poorer cognitive and motor performance than healthy older adults. Adjusted analyses demonstrated that cognitive performance, reaction time, and fatigue-related differences remained significant after controlling for potential confounders, whereas functional mobility-related outcomes were attenuated. Among the biochemical markers, fasting blood glucose levels showed a significant difference among the groups (p<0.001).

conclusionsUncontrolled T2DM in older adults is associated with impairments in attention, memory, mobility, and motor performance, while fatigue was increased across prediabetic and diabetic individuals. These findings highlight the multidimensional functional impact of dysglycemia in older adults.

Indexed as

CognitionFatigueOlder AdultsPhysical FunctionPrediabetesType 2 Diabetes

Identifiers

PMID42287509

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.