Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42289573›Full record

ArticleAIDS and behavior2026

Violence Victimisation and Mental Health Distress Among Adolescent Girls Living with HIV in Southern Africa: Does Social Protection Help?

Ololade Julius Baruwa, Tetelo Maakamedi, Janina Jochim, Brendan Maughan-Brown, Lorraine Sherr, Lucie Cluver, Elona Toska

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Article in AIDS and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ololade Julius BaruwaCentre for Social Science Research (CSSR), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0776-528X
Tetelo MaakamediCentre for Social Science Research (CSSR), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Janina JochimDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Brendan Maughan-BrownSouthern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit (SALDRU), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Lorraine SherrInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Lucie CluverDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Elona ToskaDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. Elona.Toska@uct.ac.za.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) living with HIV face heightened risks of mental distress, which may be compounded by exposure to violence and socioeconomic vulnerabilities. This study examined whether social protection moderates the relationship between violence exposure and mental distress among AGYW living with HIV in Eswatini, Lesotho, and Namibia. Using data from the Violence Against Children and Youth Surveys (VACS), we analysed 1,006 AGYW aged 15-24. Mental distress was measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6), with scores ≥ 5 indicating moderate-to-severe distress. Correlates included lifetime sexual, physical, or emotional violence and access to social protection from government or non-governmental programs. Findings showed that sexual (aOR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.13-2.99, p = 0.014) and physical violence (aOR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.18-3.23, p = 0.010) were associated with mental distress. Social protection showed no protective effect (aOR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.41-1.03; p = 0.067) against mental distress and did not moderate the relationship between violence and distress. Predicted probabilities indicated that AGYW not exposed to violence had lower mental health distress (27.64%) compared to those exposed to all forms (77.81%). Findings suggest that integrated trauma-informed mental health and targeted social protection interventions are urgently needed for AGYW living with HIV in resource-constrained settings.

Indexed as

Adolescent girls and young womenAfricaLiving with HIVMental distressSocial protectionViolence exposure

Identifiers

PMID42289573

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.